![]() ![]() Published a decade later, Kindred is Butler's attempt to resolve her "sixties feelings" and her conflicted views on the political movements of the period while grappling with the cost of their demise. ![]() The student political movement Butler encountered and participated in at Pasadena City College became a microcosm for debates playing out on the national stage, as strategic questions of resistance rose to prominence, including the right to self-defense, interracial relationships and solidarity, and the efficacy of direct action and negotiation as political strategies. As a student at Pasadena City College in the late 1960s Octavia Butler encountered the politics of a growing student Black Power movement-a memorable moment in her literary and political development which marks the genesis of her novel, Kindred. ![]() ![]() The year 1966 marked Stokely Carmichael's first invocation of "Black Power" and the birth of the Black Panthers in Oakland. ![]()
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